Adaptación transcultural al español y validez de contenido de 3 escalas de riesgo nutricional / Cross-cultural adaptation to Spanish and content validity of three nutritional risk scales

Introducción: Existen diversas escalas diseñadas para determinar el riesgo de desnutrición al ingreso hospitalario en población infantil, sin embargo, la mayor parte de estos instrumentos se desarrollan y publican en lengua inglesa, siendo preceptiva su adaptación transcultural y validación para poder ser utilizados en nuestro país.Objetivos: Adaptar transculturalmente 3 escalas diseñadas para determinar el riesgo de desnutrición ligada a la enfermedad y determinar la validez de su contenido.Material y métodos: Adaptación transcultural mediante el método de traducción-retrotraducción de acuerdo con las recomendaciones de la International Test Commission Guidelines for Translating and Adapting Tests. Se midió la validez de contenido a través de un panel de expertos (bajo 7 criterios básicos de selección adaptados del modelo Fehring) que evaluaron cada ítem de las escalas midiendo 4 criterios: ambigüedad, sencillez, claridad y relevancia. Con la puntuación extraída se obtuvo el estadístico V de Aiken para cada ítem y para las escalas completas.Resultados: Partiendo de 3 traducciones independientes por escala se obtuvieron 3 versiones definitivas en castellano de las escalas PNRS, STRONGkids y STAMP semánticamente equivalentes a sus versiones originales. Las escalas PNRS y STRONGkids presentaron una V de Aiken superior a 0,75 en todos sus ítems, mientras que escala STAMP presentó un valor inferior a 0,75 para el ítem «peso y altura».Conclusión: Este estudio aporta las versiones en castellano adaptadas transculturalmente de las escalas PNRS, STRONGkids y STAMP. Las escalas PNRS y STRONGkids presentan un contenido válido para ser aplicadas en el contexto hospitalario estatal. STAMP requiere la adaptación de su ítem «peso y altura» para considerar adecuado su uso en población infantil española. (AU)

Introduction: There are various scales designed to determine the risk of malnutrition at hospital admission in children. However, most of these instruments are developed and published in English. Their cross-cultural adaptation and validation being mandatory in order to be used in our country.Objectives: Cross-culturally adapt three scales designed to determine the risk of malnutrition linked to the disease and determine the validity of their content.Material and methods: Cross-cultural adaptation using the translation-back-translation method in accordance with the recommendations of the International Test Commission Guidelines for Translating and Adapting Tests. Content validity was measured by a panel of experts (under seven basic selection criteria adapted from the Fehring model) who evaluated each item of the scales by measuring 4 criteria: ambiguity, simplicity, clarity and relevance. With the extracted score, Aiken's V statistic was obtained for each item and for the complete scales.Results: Starting from three independent translations per scale, 3 definitive versions in Spanish of the PNRS, STRONGkids and STAMP scales were obtained semantically equivalent to their original versions. The PNRS and STRONGkids scales presented an Aiken's V greater than 0.75 in all their items, while the STAMP scale presented a value less than 0.75 for the item “weight and height”.Conclusion: This study provides the transculturally adapted Spanish versions of the PNRS, STRONGkids and STAMP scales. The PNRS and STRONGkids scales present valid content to be applied in the state hospital context. STAMP requires the adaptation of its item “weight and height” to consider its use in a Spanish child population adequate. (AU)

Cross-cultural adaptation to Spanish and content validity of three nutritional risk scales.

INTRODUCTION: There are various scales designed to determine the risk of malnutrition at hospital admission in children. However, most of these instruments are developed and published in English. Their cross-cultural adaptation and validation being mandatory in order to be used in our country. OBJECTIVES: Cross-culturally adapt three scales designed to determine the risk of malnutrition linked to the disease and determine the validity of their content. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Cross-cultural adaptation using the translation-back-translation method in accordance with the recommendations of the International Test Commission Guidelines for Translating and Adapting Tests. Content validity was measured by a panel of experts (under seven basic selection criteria adapted from the Fehring model) who evaluated each item of the scales by measuring 4 criteria: ambiguity, simplicity, clarity and relevance. With the extracted score, Aiken's V statistic was obtained for each item and for the complete scales. RESULTS: Starting from three independent translations per scale, 3 definitive versions in Spanish of the PNRS, STRONGkids and STAMP scales were obtained semantically equivalent to their original versions. The PNRS and STRONGkids scales presented an Aiken's V greater than 0.75 in all their items, while the STAMP scale presented a value less than 0.75 for the item "weight and height". CONCLUSION: This study provides the transculturally adapted Spanish versions of the PNRS, STRONGkids and STAMP scales. The PNRS and STRONGkids scales present valid content to be applied in the state hospital context. STAMP requires the adaptation of its item "weight and height" to consider its use in a Spanish child population adequate.

Prevención de úlcereas por presión en neonatos con ventilación mecánica no invasiva / Prevention of pressure ulcers in neonates with non-invasive mechanical ventilation

OBJETIVO: Determinar el apósito con mayor efectividad (hidrocoloide o espuma de poliuretano) en neonatos ingresados en las unidades de cuidados intensivos neonatal y pediátrica del Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia, sometidos a ventilación mecánica no invasiva para la prevención de úlceras por presión nasales y/o faciales. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Proyecto de investigación de tipo observacional, prospectivo y analítico cuya muestra estaba formada por 13 neonatos con ventilación mecánica no invasiva, hospitalizados en la unidad de cuidados intensivos neonatales y pediátrica. Los neonatos fueron divididos en dos grupos: en el grupo A (7 pacientes) se empleó el apósito de espuma de poliuretano y en el grupo B se utilizó el hidrocoloide (6 pacientes). La recogida de datos se realizó durante el período comprendido entre abril y mayo de 2018. RESULTADOS: De los neonatos incluidos en el estudio, 5 (38,5%) presentaron úlceras por presión nasales; el resto (62%) no presentó úlceras. Además, se obtuvo que, del total de pacientes con lesión, un 60% llevaba el apósito hidrocoloide y un 40% el de espuma de poliuretano. CONCLUSIONES: Tras el estudio, se determinó que el apósito de espuma de poliuretano presentaba un menor porcentaje de aparición de UPP en comparación con el hidrocoloide. Sin embargo, sería recomendable valorar la posibilidad de emplear alguno de ellos como medida de protección

OBJECTIVE: To determine the most effective dressing (hydrocolloid or polyurethane foam) in neonates admitted by the Neonatal and Pediatric Intensive Care Unit of the Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia, subjected to non-invasive mechanical ventilation for the prevention of pressure ulcers nasal and/or facial. MATERIAL AND METHODS: observational, prospective and analytical research project whose sample considered of 13 neonates with non-invasive mechanical ventilation hospitalized in the Neonatal and Pediatric Intensive Care Unit. They were divided into two groups, where group A (7 patients) used the polyurethane foam dressing and group B used the hydrocolloid dressing (6 patients). The data collection was carried out during the period from April to May 2018. RESULTS: Of the neonates included in the study, 5 presented nasal pressure ulcers (38.5%) and the rest did not (62%). In addition, it was obtained that, of the total of patients with injury, 60% wore the hydrocolloid dressing and 40% that of polyurethane foam. CONCLUSIONS: After the study, it was determined that the polyurethane foam dressing had a lower percentage of appearance of pressure ulcers compared to the hydrocolloid. However, it would be advisable to appraise the possibility of using any of them as a protection measure